DFS Annual Report

Notes to the Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements (in millions, except per share data, unless otherwise indicated)-(Continued) Note 5. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by segment for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 were as follows: U.S. International Total Net book value as of January 1, 2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $429.2 $19.6 $448.8 Foreign exchange and other adjustments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . — (2.0) (2.0) Net book value as of December 31, 2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 429.2 17.6 446.8 Foreign exchange and other adjustments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . — (0.4) (0.4) Net book value as of December 31, 2016 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $429.2 $17.2 $446.4 The components of other intangible assets at December 31, 2016 and 2015 were as follows: December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015 Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Book Value Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Book Value Customer relationships . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $138.8 $(85.3) $53.5 $140.2 $(71.8) $68.4 Trade names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.3 (5.5) 0.8 6.3 (5.5) 0.8 Trademarks, licenses and agreements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2 (3.2) — 6.2 (6.1) 0.1 Total other intangible assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $148.3 $(94.0) $54.3 $152.7 $(83.4) $69.3 Amortization expense for other intangible assets was $14.4 million, $15.4 million and $16.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The following table outlines the estimated annual amortization expense related to other intangible assets as of December 31, 2016: For the year ending December 31, Amount 2017 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $14.2 2018 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.7 2019 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.7 2020 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.3 2021 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.1 2022 and thereafter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.3 Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $54.3 Note 6. Accounts Receivable Transactions affecting the allowances for doubtful accounts receivable during the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 were as follows: 2016 2015 2014 Balance, beginning of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 4.6 $3.9 $ 4.9 Provisions charged to expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1 0.5 1.4 Write-offs and other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (1.3) 0.2 (2.4) Balance, end of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 6.4 $4.6 $ 3.9 F-14